Endometrial Hyperplasia by Aurora_Rainbow
"Endometrial Hyperplasia" on Amazon.com
Friday, December 9, 2011
Endometrial Hyperplasia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus.
Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia result from high levels of estrogens, combined with insufficient levels of the progesterone-like hormones which ordinarily counteract estrogen's proliferative effects on this tissue. This may occur in a number of settings, including obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, estrogen producing tumours (e.g. granulosa cell tumour) and certain formulations of estrogen replacement therapy. Endometrial hyperplasia is a significant risk factor for the development or even co-existence of endometrial cancer, so careful monitoring and treatment of women with this disorder is essential.
Classification
Like other hyperplastic disorders, endometrial hyperplasia initially represents a physiological response of endometrial tissue to the growth-promoting actions of estrogen. However, the gland-forming cells of a hyperplastic endometrium may also undergo changes over time which predispose them to cancerous transformation. Several histopathology subtypes of endometrial hyperplasia are recognisable to the pathologist, with different therapeutic and prognostic implications.
* Endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex) - Irregularity and cystic expansion of glands (simple) or crowding and budding of glands (complex) without worrisome changes in the appearance of individual gland cells. In one study, 1.6% of patients diagnosed with these abnormalities eventually developed endometrial cancer.
* Atypical endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex) - Simple or complex architectural changes, with worrisome (atypical) changes in gland cells, including cell stratification, tufting, loss of nuclear polarity, enlarged nuclei, and an increase in mitotic activity. These changes are similar to those seen in true cancer cells, but atypical hyperplasia does not show invasion into the connective tissues, the defining characteristic of cancer. The previously mentioned study found that 22% of patients with atypical hyperplasia eventually developed cancer. However, more recent studies on women who have had hysterectomy instead of observation show that endometrial cancer is found in 43% of women with a pre-operative diagnosis of complex atypical hyperplasia. (references pending).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia can be made by endometrial biopsy which is done in the office setting or through curettage of the uterine cavity to obtain endometrial tissue for histopathologic analysis. A workup for endometrial disease may be prompted by abnormal uterine bleeding, or the presence of atypical glandular cells on a pap smear.
Treatment
Treatment of endometrial hyperplasia is individualized, and may include hormonal therapy, such as cyclic or continuous progestin therapy, or hysterectomy.
Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus.
Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia result from high levels of estrogens, combined with insufficient levels of the progesterone-like hormones which ordinarily counteract estrogen's proliferative effects on this tissue. This may occur in a number of settings, including obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, estrogen producing tumours (e.g. granulosa cell tumour) and certain formulations of estrogen replacement therapy. Endometrial hyperplasia is a significant risk factor for the development or even co-existence of endometrial cancer, so careful monitoring and treatment of women with this disorder is essential.
Classification
* Endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex) - Irregularity and cystic expansion of glands (simple) or crowding and budding of glands (complex) without worrisome changes in the appearance of individual gland cells. In one study, 1.6% of patients diagnosed with these abnormalities eventually developed endometrial cancer.
* Atypical endometrial hyperplasia (simple or complex) - Simple or complex architectural changes, with worrisome (atypical) changes in gland cells, including cell stratification, tufting, loss of nuclear polarity, enlarged nuclei, and an increase in mitotic activity. These changes are similar to those seen in true cancer cells, but atypical hyperplasia does not show invasion into the connective tissues, the defining characteristic of cancer. The previously mentioned study found that 22% of patients with atypical hyperplasia eventually developed cancer. However, more recent studies on women who have had hysterectomy instead of observation show that endometrial cancer is found in 43% of women with a pre-operative diagnosis of complex atypical hyperplasia. (references pending).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia can be made by endometrial biopsy which is done in the office setting or through curettage of the uterine cavity to obtain endometrial tissue for histopathologic analysis. A workup for endometrial disease may be prompted by abnormal uterine bleeding, or the presence of atypical glandular cells on a pap smear.
Treatment
Treatment of endometrial hyperplasia is individualized, and may include hormonal therapy, such as cyclic or continuous progestin therapy, or hysterectomy.
Friday, October 7, 2011
Endometrial Cancer Treatment
Endometrial cancer is curable if a proper treatment is applied in the incipient stages of the disease, when the tumor mass is located only inside the uterus. However, there are chances of treating the disease in the more advanced stages, too, but the possibility of eradicating it completely is influenced by such factors as: the patient's age, the general condition of the body and the condition of each organ in particular, other diseases and their complexity, how old the disease is, and what the patient's attitude is towards his disease.
Endometrial cancer starts by an unnatural proliferation of the endometrial cells and the growth of a tumor mass inside the uterine cavity. This tumor mass expands outside the uterine cavity. By metastasis, it spans also to the renal and the digestive system, to the lungs and to the liver, causing renal dysfunctions and dysfunctions of intestinal transit, difficult breathing, hepatic and biliary disorders.
Endometrium is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the uterine cavity, a mucous membrane that is eliminated by the menstrual blood discharge every month. The growth of the mucous membrane is influenced by the level of the estrogen in the body. Researchers have seen that women with a high estrogen level are prone to endometrial hyperplasias and to endometrial cancer. Endometrial hyperplasias are excessive growths of the endometrial tissue that do not turn malignant. Unless they are treated, these hyperplasias turn into endometrial cancer in most cases.
If there are any intermenstrual vaginal blood discharges or any blood discharges at all after the onset of the menopause, you should make an appointment for a gynecological examination. Although spontaneous vaginal blood discharges may be symptoms of a less serious disease, it is better that you go through the gynecological examination, in order to get a proper treatment, irrespective of the severity of the disease.
Other particular symptoms of the endometrial cancer are the following: watery white vaginal discharges, difficult and painful urination, pain or cramps in the pelvic area, discomfort and/or pain during intercourse, unaccountable loss of weight, anemia (caused by continuous blood discharges).
These symptoms will show the doctor the necessary investigations to ascertain their origin:
* Papanikolau test (although the method investigates the cervix, it is also used for the endometrial cancer in order to rule out or to confirm the proliferation of the tumor mass outside the uterine cavity)
* Endometrial biopsy (a sample of mucous membrane is taken for the laboratory analysis
* D&C (Dilatation and curettage – it is done under anesthesia where the endometrial biopsy sample was not enough to put a diagnosis
* Transvaginal echography (it allows the physician to ascertain the condition and the aspect of the endometrium, to confirm or to rule out the existence of a tumor formation).
* Hysteroscopy (it allows the physician to look through the inside of the uterine cavity and to take a sample of endometrial tissue).
After confirming the diagnosis of endometrial cancer, the physician will also recommend a number of investigations in order to determine the stage of the disease, whether there are any metastases and their location (a procedure called staging). These investigations include: abdominal and pelvic computerized tomography, abdominal and pelvic MRI, thoracic X-ray, intravenous pyelography (it evaluates the renal function), proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (it visualizes the lower part of the large intestine), cystoscopy (visualization of the inside of the urinary bladder and of the urethra).
Risk Factors:
* High level of estrogen
* Endometrial hyperplasia
* Obesity (researchers have seen that fat people have higher estrogen values)
* High blood pressure
* Polycystic ovary syndrome (it causes irregular ovulation and consequently a high level of estrogen in the body)
* Women who have never given birth (nulliparas)
* Infertility
* Early menarche (menstruation occurring before the age of 12)
* Late menstruation (after the age of 55)
* Endometrial polyps or other abnormal formations of the endometrium
* Diabetes
* Tamoxifen medication, a drug administered in the treatment of breast cancer
* A diet rich in animal fats
* Breast cancer
* Ovary cancer
* Colon cancer
* Age (women over 40 years are prone to endometrial cancer)
* Hormone therapy of substitution based on estrogen (there has been a lower incidence in the women undertaking a treatment containing progesterone, too)
The first alterations of the cell DNA that will lead to the genesis of cancer cells occur when one or several of the previously mentioned conditions are gathered, provided that there are major hormonal disorders in the body. They also occur under the action of germs (viruses or bacterias).
The traditional treatment that we employ has no side effects; it acts upon the whole body and it aims in the first place to eliminate the causes generating the alteration of the cell DNA, respectively to eliminate the viruses and the bacterias from the body by the antibiotic action of certain herb extracts. The respective herb extracts stimulate the activity of the adrenals, glands that stimulate the activity of the thymus and of the bone marrow in their turn, in order to increase the production of specific antibodies and of the specific immunity. Acupuncture restores the flow of the energy in the meridians, resorbs and eliminates the tumors and the malignant cells from the blood and lymphatic stream.
Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/endometrial-cancer-treatment-3904948.html#ixzz1a9e6PSn1
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution No Derivatives
Endometrial cancer starts by an unnatural proliferation of the endometrial cells and the growth of a tumor mass inside the uterine cavity. This tumor mass expands outside the uterine cavity. By metastasis, it spans also to the renal and the digestive system, to the lungs and to the liver, causing renal dysfunctions and dysfunctions of intestinal transit, difficult breathing, hepatic and biliary disorders.
Endometrium is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the uterine cavity, a mucous membrane that is eliminated by the menstrual blood discharge every month. The growth of the mucous membrane is influenced by the level of the estrogen in the body. Researchers have seen that women with a high estrogen level are prone to endometrial hyperplasias and to endometrial cancer. Endometrial hyperplasias are excessive growths of the endometrial tissue that do not turn malignant. Unless they are treated, these hyperplasias turn into endometrial cancer in most cases.
If there are any intermenstrual vaginal blood discharges or any blood discharges at all after the onset of the menopause, you should make an appointment for a gynecological examination. Although spontaneous vaginal blood discharges may be symptoms of a less serious disease, it is better that you go through the gynecological examination, in order to get a proper treatment, irrespective of the severity of the disease.
Other particular symptoms of the endometrial cancer are the following: watery white vaginal discharges, difficult and painful urination, pain or cramps in the pelvic area, discomfort and/or pain during intercourse, unaccountable loss of weight, anemia (caused by continuous blood discharges).
These symptoms will show the doctor the necessary investigations to ascertain their origin:
* Papanikolau test (although the method investigates the cervix, it is also used for the endometrial cancer in order to rule out or to confirm the proliferation of the tumor mass outside the uterine cavity)
* Endometrial biopsy (a sample of mucous membrane is taken for the laboratory analysis
* D&C (Dilatation and curettage – it is done under anesthesia where the endometrial biopsy sample was not enough to put a diagnosis
* Transvaginal echography (it allows the physician to ascertain the condition and the aspect of the endometrium, to confirm or to rule out the existence of a tumor formation).
* Hysteroscopy (it allows the physician to look through the inside of the uterine cavity and to take a sample of endometrial tissue).
After confirming the diagnosis of endometrial cancer, the physician will also recommend a number of investigations in order to determine the stage of the disease, whether there are any metastases and their location (a procedure called staging). These investigations include: abdominal and pelvic computerized tomography, abdominal and pelvic MRI, thoracic X-ray, intravenous pyelography (it evaluates the renal function), proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy (it visualizes the lower part of the large intestine), cystoscopy (visualization of the inside of the urinary bladder and of the urethra).
Risk Factors:
* High level of estrogen
* Endometrial hyperplasia
* Obesity (researchers have seen that fat people have higher estrogen values)
* High blood pressure
* Polycystic ovary syndrome (it causes irregular ovulation and consequently a high level of estrogen in the body)
* Women who have never given birth (nulliparas)
* Infertility
* Early menarche (menstruation occurring before the age of 12)
* Late menstruation (after the age of 55)
* Endometrial polyps or other abnormal formations of the endometrium
* Diabetes
* Tamoxifen medication, a drug administered in the treatment of breast cancer
* A diet rich in animal fats
* Breast cancer
* Ovary cancer
* Colon cancer
* Age (women over 40 years are prone to endometrial cancer)
* Hormone therapy of substitution based on estrogen (there has been a lower incidence in the women undertaking a treatment containing progesterone, too)
The first alterations of the cell DNA that will lead to the genesis of cancer cells occur when one or several of the previously mentioned conditions are gathered, provided that there are major hormonal disorders in the body. They also occur under the action of germs (viruses or bacterias).
The traditional treatment that we employ has no side effects; it acts upon the whole body and it aims in the first place to eliminate the causes generating the alteration of the cell DNA, respectively to eliminate the viruses and the bacterias from the body by the antibiotic action of certain herb extracts. The respective herb extracts stimulate the activity of the adrenals, glands that stimulate the activity of the thymus and of the bone marrow in their turn, in order to increase the production of specific antibodies and of the specific immunity. Acupuncture restores the flow of the energy in the meridians, resorbs and eliminates the tumors and the malignant cells from the blood and lymphatic stream.
Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/endometrial-cancer-treatment-3904948.html#ixzz1a9e6PSn1
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution No Derivatives
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)